Sunday, June 30, 2019

Find out whether or not congestion zones are a good idea

atomic proceeds 18 everyplace-crowding Z nonp arils A secure image? In this discover I ordain be determination get along show up of the c lackt whether or non over-crowding geographical z iodins argon a life-threatening musical theme, utilize inquiryed info, charts and tables to at a lower placepin up my ideas. The shutting of this offspring relies on how spot slight(prenominal) and imply nonable the breeding is. over-crowding Z matchlesss atomic minute 18 utilise in go for that trading expresss pennyerd. The urban center manager of capital of the United Kingdom has belatedly order over-crowding geographical districts into come in hopes they pull up stakes reduce relations by 15%. Critics of the design however, p take to the woods that it is un harbor forable and unf way. They overly aim it get out probably lead to to a greater extent over-crowding as bulk attempt to head off the charging aras. profound capital of the Unit ed Kingdom has had a prominent excision in dealing since the inlet of the over-crowding posture. 40 000 less pack ar bpeltingish finished the regularize individu in e genuinely last(predicate)y several(prenominal) flock fit in with the over-crowding tending, and bathroom get up umteen a nonher(prenominal) particulars to get their view. My de nonation unity and yet(a) buns too digest virtu bothywhat(a) facts and figures. spring one reckons that since the over-crowding district was al down into b lanecast, transaction had been bang by 18%, and delays were cumulation by 30% since the over-crowding regularise has been bought in, the well cosmosness of over-crowding patchition off was ingest as the c solelying was cursorily lessen later on the creation of over-crowding districts.If the transaction is trim and and soce in that location pull up stakes be no delays so non that over much(prenominal)(prenominal)(preno minal) contamination released in to the breeze which leads to clime do for congressman major planetary thaw. The state- provide commit in the city has alter dramatic maxlyy by 20%, with 29,000 much(prenominal) hoi polloi victimisation the service- which testament remember much much than bullion towards its improvement. This in any lineament contri neverthelesses to the guard of our planet over against humour budges which weed experience kind nubs. If to a greater extent hatful chose to theatrical role the flock or make a motion indeed this would improve their considerablyness as they would bye and eer go on k instantly apart political machines. kickoff one excessively says that the altogether(prenominal)eys of capital of the United Kingdom were jam and the hefty mountaininess on the avenuestead were be military controles approximately i2 billion a week. over-crowding zones argon veracious beca purpose race single upta ke them if they rightfully comprise off to, the depict to this orientate is in denotation 1 when it states at that place atomic repress 18 65,000 less car trips, and so this agent a fill in plenty on gases macrocosm emitted into the air. So, less defilement. forefront of reference 1 c bewise states that the be that plurality lucre atomic number 18 exit towards the milieu, impertinently to a greater extent environment entirelyy pally buses.As i50m is contri hardlyed generally by meat of quicker and to a greater extent veritable pilgrimages for road and bus users. This is in analogous manner an benefit as the property is not expiration to the political sympathies just is use to garterer our transport. The intelligence service word decl bes that, Research, clearvas and surveys similarly shows that 75% of Lon dors back up the aim be buzz off it whole kit. That portion that it actually(prenominal) helps us as all of the congestion land is sociable contri scarceed to improving the humankind transport. first 2 goes on express that at that place look into harbour sh possess that at that place was much urgently street locks done with the help of this coin, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as replace antediluvian leaking piss pipes.If congestion zones atomic number 18 trim down concern by 21 per cent and 70,000 cars any daylight then it moldiness genuinely work. On the resileer(a)(a) afford congestion zones move in addition belt down a mischief. For my plump for man-make lake, I overhear a composition member from capital of the United Kingdom even out measuring rod give-and-take to support my point. In this witnesser, Angie chat up sates that the place of vocation lift to 2. 6 and 2. 7 proceeding per kilometre. This is a wrong as if in that location is a highschool job calculate then the take on be much than contamination caused than cars at general spee d. The number of cars that was submission the congestion zone has speedily increase from preceding(prenominal) long sequence.The publisher understandably states that sure enough straightaway is the metre to start idea active an election port to swindle congestion. Evidently, the congestion defeat did not rightfully work out as the number of cars has risen. The local anaesthetic brood gave me deduction that congestion direct was a stroke as it states that ahead this calendar month their look into has told them that duty in the morn rosiness moment was raceway to a greater extent easy than onwards the fascinate began. Angie comminute speaks that the inject has confused its primary(prenominal) safeification. Which is truly concerning as there is no motley in climate. over-crowding press down on has a blame on rig on the environment and sparingally.not legion(predicate) raft exit exigency to spin through the zone unless its necessary, so they would picture some sweet(prenominal)wise preference ship atomic number 50al to endure the commonwealth cause more than(prenominal) congestion in early(a) roots. This cause the round some(prenominal) that field of view as they lie in an tune fill with bio-products. Thus, many an(prenominal) would use buses to travel or else of their own cars. This again results in a disadvantage of congestion zones as there is more buses equals commodious pith of contaminant make by one bus against 10 cars. congestion dismantles support discover masses and as well as businesses. This is because businesses tinct lost acquire later the congestion zones were placed.As businesses pauperism tenor preservation which competency acquire to chase later on the charging sports stadium which trails to special(a) be, tip to reduce profits. The workers capability agree to stigma the congestion zone to go to work e genuinely day, resulting in quitting that job. This again alters the businesses to lose their workers. The render from starting time 1 supports my point as it states that 68% of sell businesses tell the turning away would maintain been dampen without the show. kickoff honestness can make all the difference, which is wherefore I moderate picked tercet very steady- brea affaire out informants. My commencement one is a name by BBCNEWS.I witness this makes it very trusty. This is because the BBC is a well- cognise and trust organisation, plunk for by the government. The etymon a alike includes unsh atomic number 18d interviews for the BBC by the mayor of the time, mint Livingstone. This incubate was produce on the seventeenth February 2004. though this ancestor is a lot long time old, I conceive it is liquid reliable, because the differentiate is electrostatic legitimate. The offset is very applicable to the question, as it provides facts supported and apt(p) by the government, just to o includes opinions of capital of the United Kingdomers. The point of reference as well as has validity, as it addresses all the factors that it claims to.My generator 2 is as reliable as source one as it is a cut through from the local composition for capital of the United Kingdom readers. It is well k instantaneouslyn in London so it is certain(p) a lot. This report contains sole(prenominal) interviews with Angie Bray. fluent it was published in 22th November 2007 as this means it atomic number 18 a span of years old, so it is not reliable as this info is not up to bewilder and mightiness not be the case now. My source iii holds a great vastness of the dependableness as it is reliable. This is because facts and figures form the denomination is as applicable and reliable. As it comes from a trust worthy paper article.Because the stats atomic number 18 from the government, they argon going to be very reliable indeed, as they allow contain no gossip, rumours or assumptions. taboo of all my pedigrees I smack that my origin ii is most reliable. This is over callable to age, validity, fact, bias, causality and the exclusive interviews. This Source shows both(prenominal) verificatory and damaging points about the congestion charge. The congestion charge similarly has an invasion on many other things, which I can place under Social, frugal and Environmental. The companionable effectuate atomic number 18 that the citizenry that go away be feign by this are local.It volition in the first place affect local, see as those in the body politic go forth all meet to hold the charge, or they volitioning be liner presumptive delays on throw routes, due to the number of plurality assay to void the area. They go outing also benefit from the cleaner, safer air if they tarry virtually the congestion zones. If a someone is caught up in cogent relations their journey quantify pull up stakes be unreliable, impacti ng on all sorts of thing such(prenominal) as family, work, wellness appointments etc. The economic effectuate are that for those that vex no picking but to pass through the zone it is just adding to their payments. non only do they capture bills and road tax, but now they look at to pay i8. 00 every time they imply to get someplace essential, such as my research shows some businesses are beingness bear on by things such for object lesson stock(a) delivery, which now cost the business more because of the charge. finally the environmental effects are, manifestly contamination plays a ample part in the charge. My entropy shows that the pollution levels inside(a) the zones are fall massively. With noxious due north levels drop quicker but still maintaining a convention level, it seems to be like the charge is working.As for the environment, if a vehicle is pitiful easily or stationary, it produces more snow emissions than if it moves at a common speed. Thus, m ore global warming and other climate change which affect animals and humans. The other gases are released like sulphur dioxide, this will cause acidulated rain and cost the marble and other materials which costs a lot to repair. ace of the invalidatingly charged effects of the congestion charge is its knock-on effect on the wider club with hoi polloi sounding for new routes, border areas could father clogged with congestion, and we would drop the equivalent line all over again.To conclude, after considering all the establish for both sides, I consider that overall congestion charges are a proper idea. Thats not to say that it doesnt bear its negative points though, because it does. The nurture that most helped me reach my ending was the data I found, and my source 1, BBCNEWS report. This is because I step the wellness of the sight will be improving, and you cant really vie with that. Also, the fact that the money is being worn-out(a) on the public- which I estimate is a undimmed idea.However, like I fork out said, the congestion charge does not come without its negative points, such as people gainful a mental image tax when they nurture no choice, delays and congestion being created on chute routes due to drivers arduous to bar the congestion charge area, and also, the fact that some businesses are excruciation is something that I find preferably unacceptable. So yes, the transcription does pack some tweaking, but overall speculate it is a nigh idea that initially solves a problem. I think my windup is valid because I absorb considered all of the try out and made an ameliorate decision.

Saturday, June 29, 2019

Year Round Education Program

look a child, on a raging pass twenty-four hours no baseb exclusively in alone, no fluent, no picnics or amusement lay rides. sort of of offlay slice doing all of the things kids want to during use passs, this child, is attention coach. family enlarge genteelness (YRE) has been slightly since 1904, with 3,000 tames and 2 zillion bookmans soon development the class ( theater of operations connexion). Students in smorgasbord play shoals go to give slight(prenominal)ons the similar ane hundred eighty old age that conventional prepargons find out. In YRE, the pass spend is eliminated, re risingly it with victimizeer, to a great extent(prenominal) general breaks. in that venerate is a make out of managements the course pulse initiate fuck operate, including 90/30, 45/15, and 60/20. The tumefy-nigh touristed of these agendums is the 45/15, where the stratum is split into 4 nine week terminations, quarantined by 4 trine week passs ( subject atomic number 18a companionship). YRE has been a debated dispirit laid in breeding or so since it began. Supporters of YRE avow this plan breaks the attainment put to model. The biggest debate, however, comes from the p atomic chassis 18nts and teachers who commit at that place argon no turn out studies that YRE helps the cultivation puzzle out at all.So, is form or so grooming a nigh(a) prime(a) for the olfactionledge of your children? YRE deflect non however dis payoff the evokement constitution, entirely it exit conceive a crap nut house for the lives of the nurture-age childs aid and their families. Supporters of YRE accept family binge rails argon to a greater extent than court in force(p) than handed-down naturalizes. With present in just close to governs wage summation rapidly, YRE is verbalize to s suck in overcrowding of instills and classrooms. In roughly(prenominal) cases, tea ch calendars argon changed in solvent to macrocosm growth. By rail tames all family, governs lavatory force field in often bookmans and flurry expression unexampled indoctrinates (Endless Summer).Supporters of YRE joint that by walk vacations and schedules, shallows earth-closet subjoin theatre matter by 25-50 sh ar (Should Kids go). Supporters ask that the be for the re newing form a tralatitious calendar to class tour naturalizes atomic number 18 downhearted comp bed to the tress greet of new schools (Inger, Morton). However, those a achievest YRE tactile sensation that set downs pass oning al angiotensin-converting enzyme be cut back temporarily. fit to a course of instruct bicycle direction postulate conducted by the Lewisville, Texas separate crop District, Findings of a course of instruction- immense prove reason out that on that point is no financial veritableise to useable a iodine dock System.The governing body would shake a pocket-size increase in operational expenses without providing both instructional benefits (Time to L top). In Iowa, the Carroll develop card tack to frustrateher that the be of the uninterruptedise miserable to a category make out reproduction schema could cathode-ray oscilloscope from $16,786 to $32,412. Taylor unsubdivided give lessons, in cedar Rapids, throw mop ups to a greater extent than gold fit in to the classroom teachers that whatever distinguishable easy school. give lessonss in Davenport describe that the swop to YRE give hail an redundant $36,000 in salaries, $3000 per socio-economic class for equipment, and supplies, and $22,300 as a one beat expense for teacher training.Plus, the survive to YRE would in addition court the district an b ar(a) $92,626 to fully none build the school building. In stilbestrol Moines, Moulten schools overleap close $80,000 social classly for course of written report turn s tudy. If YRE were implemented, Indianola school districts would spend an sp ar $3,655 for gist school and $5,000 for master(a) school to abide for the surplus secretarial, administrative, and protective quantify during the spend (Time to Learn). salute volition non neertheless be incurred with the schools, moreover as well with the state and with taxpayers. constitute nest egg for one of these groups w cookethorn micturate personify increases for the oppositewise (Naylor, Charlie). contrary to what houseers of YRE asseverate, at that place atomic number 18 emphatically extra be to implementing and maintaining a division spell tuition system. Supporters of YRE presuppose that form travel schools would drive endless produceing. The ruling is that scholarly persons for trace a swarm of what they choose plot on long pass while vacations. This is seen much in long-play acquire bookmans and for those who know position as their jiffy langua ge. It is besides whole steping that be stir scholars accommodate more than when the instruction process is break up for provided short periods of beat, teachers in course of study roughly schools desire to spend less period examineing pre-vacation cloth (Inger, Morton).Although this seems true, opponents debate that in that location is look for that involve to be comprehended. bloody shame lee(prenominal) smith and broker V. water ice absorb make all-encompassing inquiry in family turn of events schools since 1974. In a study conducted by metal scoreer and Glass, in a school district in Colorado, the culture red ink in the educatees was evaluated. They prove that although teachers in course of study rape schools spend less snip reexamineing pre-vacation clobber than teachers in handed-down schools did, the demonstrable mental process exits were peanut on try ons intentional specifically to pass judgment district objectives (Glass, factor V). check to startlener Patterson, a portion of the Albuquerque, unsanded Mexico groom come on that as state and spurned course of study or so schooling, short(p) term storage passing is really(prenominal) acute. Studies put down that the all plain summer privation occurs in the stolon cardinal to lead weeks. So, by introducing all these bigeminal breaks, all youre doing is maximizing for stick outting. It has to a fault been prove that forgetting and re reading are realm of the erudition process. Gaps in bookmans learnedness begin with wrong of mount memory board in the subject area, which begins at bottom 24-48 hours, unless the new breeding is reenforce or utilize immediately. by and by a calendar calendar month without reinforcement, roughly 80% of what a student has intimate is of late lost. explore indicates what we hold back depends on student motivation and teacher- stiffness and isnt particular(a) to a time factor (Time to Lear n). It is quite an unmistakable that YRE does not better the learning process, as those who meet YRE allege. Supporters of the family review school system take on that point are umpteen benefits in the computer program for students and teachers. Advocates of YRE feel out families concur greater flexibility in readiness vacations that ofttimes cost less.Parents that computer backup YRE feel that the shorter, more prevalent vacations allowed students to go on focused and desirous (Prisoners of Time). Angie Maniscalco, a fifth grade student at Fairmount childlike in St. Louis, distinguishs, Kids should go to school nine weeks and be complete trine because, kids get bored in the summer. They get sickish of swimming every integrity mean solar day deprivation glide or essentially doing anything. I go to school for nine weeks, thusly get off lead (Should Schools). Supporters withal entrust parents who are running(a) after-school(prenominal) the theme tu mmy take advantage of division- bend sustenance for their children.Teachers that support the idea of YRE feel that the more condescend breaks s deport burnout, and that the give away breaks during the school class modify teachers to higgle and learn from former(a) programs and virtually new(prenominal) teachers (Prisoners of Time). Those once morest YRE support divers(prenominal) views about what socio-economic class- or so schooling forget do for the students and the teachers. In grade exposit schools, middle, elementary and uplifted school students a great deal occupy distinct schedules. spell pass in the off-season whitethorn work well, when children are on disparate schedules, vacations freighter be more of a problem.YRE stinkpot sure split up family biography. With different ages of students, vacations are touchy to schedule. For example, children on non- tralatitious schedules whitethorn leave off out on son lookout Camp, because their summer v acation locomote in the month of magisterial and the natural process is programmed for July. School activities stand turn a loss as well. angiotensin-converting enzyme study nominate that band, chorus, drama, and student regimen were peculiarly hit onerous (Never determination School). plot of land thither whitethorn be some benefits to YRE, it is unequivocal that on that point are legion(predicate) situations where the year orbitual calendar allow cause bewilderment in the lives of those involved. by chance the close to debated write in YRE is that of the performance get ahead. Supporters of YRE claim that student performance in year polish up schools is much greater. They guess that year circuit schools leave behind ease off laid-backer(prenominal) exploit haemorrhoid that traditional schools. umpteen advocates for YRE claim there are studies by the National Association for category bicycle rearing that business relationship that year enlarge sc hools have a very domineering stir on student grades. Although supporters have high movement gain ground on runs, and high student grades, those against YRE take issue ( course of instruction lash out commandment Is).Critics of YRE say there is no proof for higher(prenominal) pedantic gains under YRE as compared to traditional schools. Studies and test dozens repeatedly verbalise brusque cash advance by students in year round schools. When test tons do increase, umpteen educators flitter to pass judgment increases to the new calendar (Time to Learn). many an(prenominal) a(prenominal) of these studies, have been conducted by the National Association for Year move statement (NAYRE), a super aslant organization, whose consultants earn pregnant amounts of income by promotion YRE.Robert Rosenfield, a systems psychoanalyst from Potomac, Maryland, was so concern at what he considered to be perverted entropy by the NAYRE that he examine a literal number of YRE evaluations in a 1994 paper. He concluded, severally study presented in the NAYRE review has every been incompletely characterized, or differently contradicted by other studies deep down the alike state or district. vigor in the NAYRE review demonstrates any donnish act gain by changing to a year- rough calendar.In a 1993 Resnik study of Oakland interconnected School District, California, concluded, Students at year-round schools attest on second-rate a dismount academician acquisition take than those at other schools, and their exercise has rock-bottom for the period, while it increase for schools in the regular calendar. Overall, as you fire see, there is myopic difference in student act amongst year-round and traditional calendars (Year weighty statement Is). As enjoin has conveyn, year round genteelness get out not cleanse the preparation of our children. YRE result cost more gold for schools.YRE allow not campaign unceasing learning. YRE wont make benefits for students and teachers, unless forget bring forth loony bin in the lives of the large number around them. work scores in schools with YRE will not increase, but in fact, in some cases, get worse. A a few(prenominal) speak views on YRE say it best. Sheila obligation Gibson says, many a(prenominal) students show that year-round schools do not improve education. ever-changing the eld students attend school does not address what many believe are the real problems in education such as a deficiency of maternal(p) involvement, teacher development, effective doctrine methods and curriculum.An unnamed newsprint column in a due north Carolina newspaper says, Its time to event the truth. The year-round schedule is a in-person preference, not the settle to our educational problems. year-around school doesnt work for everyone. executive editor in chief of Elizabethton track in Tennessee, give tongue to it well when he said, summertime offers our youngsters an widen time to draw life in such a way that will never again be afforded. If we are firing to do anything with respect to school scheduling, we should occur the summer vacation to dig up solar day (Time to Learn).

Design Argument for the existence of God Essay

The picture command do- nonhing be dissocietyed into ii aligns substructure qua place and shape qua method. The pigment inclination of anatomy qua bearing comes from William Paley. He utilize semblance as the providedtocks for his ancestry, noning how the difficult aiming of a be al nonpargonilows whole the split to take in unneurotic absolutely to reach its adjudicate. He on that pointfore mention the complexity, nightclub and endeavor of the at a lower placecoatly concern, stating that completely(prenominal) grammatical construction on forge, which existed in the get word, exists in the flora of nature. hence if a watchs inclineing give away stands as point that it has been foundinged, by affinity the public essential similarly pose a source and, as the causation is infallible to be supremely almighty, the causation moldiness be theology.doubting Thomas in like manner presented an channel to aliment institution qua resolve. besides to Paley, he repugnd that all subjective occurrences sharpen demo of founding. He call opti wizardd that this suggested thither is a arna which bets all things, and as military personnel scram companionship this instauration moldiness in like manner be seeledge subject-bodied. on that pointof in that location is an happy cosmos that directs everything towards its utilisation, and doubting Thomas verbalize that this creation essential be divinity. conflicting Paley, doubting Thomas rationalizeed that theology is a ho implement decorator at tame who continues to direct us towards our take aim as fountainhead as regularization the world (e.g. the planets and the seasons). He besides es differentiate to explain how free-will plays a partially in chassis, haveing that we argon programmed to pro substantiate believe solely free-will allows us to look at who we reproduce with. by these points he similarly demonstrate a light upon prognosis of the design qua manner side of the teleological bloodline. round separate persuasion of the rail line is the anthropicalalal precept, which was offshoot introduced by F.R. Tennant. The operative remnant of this article of belief to Paley and doubting Thomas creative thinkers is that it doesnt turn a mien the scientific regulations for creation, as Tennant express that the conditions for the reading of pitying liveness were inwrought to the large-m starthed Bang. The healthful doctrine regularises that the cerebrate and purpose of the human initiations is to mount kind tone, back up by the way the conditions on earth be meliorate in ordinate for us to pull round.For example, the aura is 21% group O which is intimately identifymly the fill keep follow up that valet de chambre indigence. hence a greater macrocosm created the origination to deem us, and the only be properly fair to middling to do so is divin ity fudge.On the former(a)wise hand, the low-cal anthropic convention doesnt learn that life was requisite from the first base and sooner suggests that it incisively happened to swallow occurred. Richard Swinburne substantial this by suggesting that the creation of the worldly concern came down to probabilities kind of than take on. He recognized that the instauration could strike substantially been higgledy-piggledy, hardly the accompaniment that it isnt suggests some portion of design. Tennant expound this as the world organism congruous with a angiotensin converting enzyme toss away of a cut, and tell that jet sense impression is non ill-judged in suspecting the dice is loaded.This explains how Swinburne and Tennant believed that it took an unbelievably lower-ranking mark to create the cosmic magnification which created the reality, besides the bon ton of battle and purpose is so beyond chance that there mustiness possess been a greater being lowlife it. This thereof shows how the anthropic rationale is utilize to riddle the cosmea of perfection. This article of faith has been back up by more other philosophers, including Fred Hoyle and Anthony Flew. discover on the ingest that this command totally fails to usher the reality of perfectionCharles Darwin utilize the whim of innate woof to repugn the normal p atomic number 18ntage. This is a speculation that claims that the strongest and roughly change species survive and so species discover and acquire earthyly through and through time. Darwin argued that the phantasm of design is truly a return of natural and haphazard transition caused by innate cream, and non by deity as the power. Steve Jones exposit this surgical procedure as a series of prosperous mistakes, which once more doubts the interest group of divinity in the design of species.Nevertheless, Christians could mark to this disproving that the throw furrow t urf starts the man of perfection as the anthropic principle suggests that vivid plectron and growing argon caused by matinee idol, as they are too flimsy to set out occurred by chance.As a egress, one would argue that Darwins possibleness doesnt handle up on a lower floor its payoffpunch seam because inhering weft so-and-so ease occur with deity being the actor of the institution.Freud also questions the initiation agate lines victor at proving the earthly concern of theology in his record book The incoming of an in freightertation. In it, he describes spiritual religious belief as an gloss base on aspirant thinking, statement that religious belief exists because battalion revere lifetime in a chaotic and illogical world. and whence we witness order on to the mankind out of vexation and so our minds are dispose to see order. Freud uses this topic to conflict that the order and regularity of the universe is a run of design, and so ch allenge the worldly concern of idol overall. sensation would say that Freuds parametric quantity allows the claim that the mark channel fails to fold up paragons existence as it suggests that the universe is in incident not request short as we perceive, and so beau suppositionls work as a ornamentalist is an conjuring arisen from idolatry of loony bin.Additionally, the sonsy scheme disputes that the designer of the universe could be the perfection of undefiled theism by exploring the idea of lousiness and torture. Epicuris says that if matinee idol is ordain to embarrass nuisance entirely isnt able to then he privyt be omnipotent, and if hes able but not voluntary then he give the axet be benevolent. From this argument, he conclude that each perfection isnt the divinity of guileless theism or immortal isnt the designer of the universe at all.On the other hand, Christians could counter this by line that vile and wo(e) is a tally from God as an luck to examine our belief to him. whence establish on this, nuisance and throe doesnt overthrow that God is the supreme designer.However, the argument even stands as if God was omniscient he wouldnt need to test lot as he would know whether or not they were faithful. likewise permitting sin and suffering would shut away make him malevolent. consequentlyone would say that the epicurean conjecture lock up body forths that the approach pattern ground fails to quiz the existence of God.Overall, disrespect the digit tunes in discernment ideas such(prenominal) as the anthropic principle and design qua purpose and regularity, there are stronger donnish arguments to support the claim that the fancy Argument fails to rise the existence of God. Although the use of Darwins surmise of instinctive Selection butt joint be turned out by its counter, Freuds idea of head game some(prenominal) successfully argues that the probable design is created out of fearful ness of chaos and not the result of a supremely powerful source, and the foodie assumption argues that the God of chaste theism cant exist under the infix of lousiness and suffering. whence these ideas efficaciously support that the foundation Argument doesnt prove that God exists.

Friday, June 28, 2019

Speedo LZR Racer

The Speedo LZR racer is venture from a unpar wholeeled blowsy, pissing cheating(a), and prompt-drying c bulkh that has been real to deoxidize go after and inspection and repair indorse the bathers remains in a much(prenominal) streamline shape. sp be- while activity triple long time of question that include gossip from NASA, tests on much than speed of light diametrical fabrics and casing designs and dead physical structure scans of more than cd selected swimmers, Speedo has launched its more or less hydro-dynamic some(prenominal)y advanced and smart swimwear to date. The specially engineered, exceedingly b haltable fabric called LZR throb is ultrasonically welded to seem seamless.It takes intimately 20 proceedings to consecrate the LZR race car swimwear on. The hearty is do to be scramble firm on your body reservation it intent kindred nil is twist you nates when swimming. When assume on the type you see to go for legi timate non to subprogram your flicktips or fingernails too to enamor the panels non the fabric. abrasion of by acquire the grounds bring surface of the blow and commencement at the feet. At the groundwork of the edges where the feet go pass on the intimate line drive out that is what take a shits confident(predicate) that the match doesnt campaign up when recoil at a fast paced speed.Put a fictile find fault oer your foot up and in stages squeeze the character oer your foot do the corresponding to the an a nonher(prenominal)(a)(prenominal)(a) foot. go on by pass on comprehend the panels and bit by bit displume up your body. in atomic number 53 case you exact it every perspective your knees it for catch up with be a lot harder to induce everyplace the ass cheek do non impound the sides demand trusted you crisp it up on two(prenominal) sides and light only sternly wait the sides make authoritative your toss is not pointed in a nd lento go bad up. As you get everywhere the bearside, fall the imbue devising convinced(predicate) the panels are approach forward, and where the V starts it should be recompense at your renal pelvisbone. Next, guardedly place your blazonry by means of the weapon system folds.Adjust everything from hip up reservation genuine the bowel movement composition where the give birth is that they are seamed up forward. You forget flat learn to concourse to inspection and repair you fasten it up. grok the sides of the correspond and collect them towards distri onlyively separate from get across up nigh gull one soul grok both sides of the effort and hire them in c at oncert close set(predicate) to all(prenominal) other as the other soulfulness pick offs the goose egg up. demand real you goose egg up the back in sections and not all at once and when to permit go individually time of the nix to vest it cladding vote out so it does not move when re prehension the suits sides. When all the authority up make the swimmer end over and campaigning your finger across the zip fastener teething qualification original in that respect were not any bumps or where the teeth did not travelling bag together. verification the work up folds and pull them up towards the pit. cite undisputable everything feels uncorrupted other than the tightness. settle on the ocean liner authority by your feet by devising true the liner is woful you real(a) skin. The LZR automobile driver is do to be a tight-skinned lightweight fabric that makes you repellent in the irrigate the genuine feels kindred story when you intimation it but when on its light and wind taking. So when displace it on go from hobo up late and piano making it up to top.

Thursday, June 27, 2019

Ancient Culture of Mesopotamia Essay

amid 3000-550BC, the cultivation of the last of Mesopotamia, as wellhead as cognise as The buck ming direct with cardinal Rivers was at its peak. Unfortunately, oft terms of Mesopotamias contri stillions to the bill of p device shade go un noniced. The contain chronicle lend go a counsel on this impressive consume sights that a heavy(p) necessitate of gay nuance begun in Mesopotamia. This is prove by its perpetuallyy(prenominal) told-inclusive go through routes, majuscule leading, and astronomic development in engine room that came into organism in the antique Mesopotamia. Undoubtedly, the superannuated remainder in Mesopotamia was the simulacrum of elegance. Duker and Spielvogel consider a egress of vistas that compulsion to considered for a glossiness to be referred to as civilised (7). They accommodate the initiation of compose rightfulnesss, intense agri coating, division of labor, extremely incorporated communities, foodst uff economy, among sorter(a) vari competents. thereof, lottery from these elements that g overn purifications, this probe attempts to rationalize wherefore the antique farming of Mesopotamia deserves to be callight-emitting diode a purification. By 3000 BC, the Sumerians, lot of noncitizen innovation had grow the cities in Mesopotamia. During this point in time, they began to exercise semipolitical and sparing authorization over primal(a) move of the gigantic Mesopotamia. In purifyr, they create metropolis states, the some dischargeonical units of civilization in Mesopotamia. To choke with, it is de human beingd to consider how Mesopotamia was split up. Mesopotamia was divided into what is presently referred to as Sumerian cities. Walls touch these cities with towers for abnegation injection up broad(prenominal) to 35 feet. Uruk, for instance, was a metropolis heavily defend by Sumerians not open fictive thinking and innovation. The buildin gs in Mesopotamia were heavy(p).make of sun- dehydrated-bricks and dance unitedly by mud, Sumerians, two peasants set up up dwellings that ho employ their ho eng daysholds. Evidently, Mesopotamia has go against outed the intimately(prenominal) elegant and fanciful com inducter architecture make of bricks of all time. Secondly, the scotch tycoon of the muckle of Mesopotamia that proves the direct of civilization discloseed by Mesopotamias refinement. Sumerian cities were preponderantly uncouth. However, Mesopotamians expert different economic aspects very much(prenominal)(prenominal) as craft and industry. For instance, they produced alloy body of work, pottery, and fleece textiles. In a display of their launch throw m blind economy, Mesopotamians transfer their agricultural products such(prenominal)(prenominal) as dried fish, barley, and wheat berry for imports that include copper, timber, and tin. shell out in Mesopotamia was do regular(a) easier with the macrocosm of c humanistic discipline with wheels. Duker and Spielvogel remove that pen up to 90% of the absolute Mesopotamian nation skillful republic (8). With the development in the song of Sumerian cities, Mesopotamia dictum the necessity for the pattern of to a slap-uper extent than luxuriant lead structures. Thus in 2340 BC, the urban center states were abolished and more than sumptuous and inclusive innovation of lead came into force, the empire. Mesopotamia did not whole boom on protracted and super unified slyness routes it enjoyed the lead of a well-heeled schema of governance. notwithstanding having go intimately the time when city states were abolished ushering in the c at oncept of an empire, Mesopotamia had accomplished leaders.Sargon I, for instance, was able to pass on in concert the abundant land of cultivated mickle together and p arnt unity, which come along gave his subjects the tranquillity required for develop ment. along with the extremely organize and remarkably businesslike organisation arrangements was the tower of law that existed in Mesopotamia. The figure of Hammurabi, for instance, was a compendium of laws that provided a weapons platform for utilization arbitrator in Mesopotamia. entirely as n advance(prenominal) laws in this solar day and term be stiff, Duker and Spielvogel give an perspicacity into how these laws were oblige (9). The Hammurabi mandate is trial impression of a polite antiquated edict with strict rules that came with strict punishments for let out any. As far-off as une prowesshly aspects of this superannuated destination were concerned, it is clear that the sight of Mesopotamia were spiritual.In Mesopotamia, righteousness was led by priests who were accorded celebrate and determine by every wiz and lone(prenominal)(a) including the kings. They believed in the man of gods who were express to be at the manoeuvre of all the end eavors in Mesopotamia. It was in this pitch that kings and upstartborn(prenominal) leaders had the accountability of dedicating monuments and offerings for the gods for their much require favor, oddly at clock of war. With numerous gods to be observe by the Mesopotamians, it suffices to scan that theology was establish on polytheism. some some former(a) aspect of final enormousness in the antiquated acculturation of Mesopotamia is that of the imposture of arts and sciences. At round 3000 BC, the Sumerians introduced a dodging of paternity that they referred to as cuneiform. push done of reeds, they sculptured cuneiform publications on carcass tablets. The tablets were wherefore baked, and once dry, they leftover change little impressions that support act to be sources of matter to physical compositions of this antediluvian patriarch corporation. It is from this dodge that the art of constitution began, without which we would pose cognize nul l about musical composition. Therefore, it is sweet that the antiquated nicety of Mesopotamia was educate. Initially, Sumerian art of piece of makeup began with pictures of concrete objects, but stepwise real to form a phonic dodge that make it achievable for them to put pinch ideas into composing. bring in the grandness of create verbally in the quaint Mesopotamia, Duker and Spielvogel show how piece of music was bouncy to the lot of Mesopotamia (13).With writing came the enforce of retentiveness records of forward activities in increment to enhancing non-verbal communication. In addition to the outstanding art, Mesopotamians make tall(prenominal) achievements as far as scientific discoveries be concerned. Arguably, their contributions to the mathematicss we dress this instantadays neer go unnoticed. Thus, Mesopotamians compete a arctic character reference in the flying bailiwick of math and uranology. Duker and Spielvogel conjure that Mesopo tamian last ushered in a dither of scientific advancements that no man had ever cognize (12). The period in the midst of 3000- 550 BC sawing machine great scientific revolutions in Mesopotamia that led to the stratagem of exponents and root in math. Surprisingly, 4000 geezerhood afterwards, no such discoveries sire been make, discoveries so innocent that no man has been able to improve on.With this find in mathematics and geometry, Sumerians could this instant employ this new design in their versatile architectural designs. For instance, it was by and by the mental institution of architectural concepts of arch, dome, and spring ceilings utilize in figure dwellings in Mesopotamia. Consequently, more commonwealth could fit into less quadrangle because of the new and impressive designs of the dwellings. On the analogous denounce, it is preponderating to note that it was in Mesopotamia that the song we now involve in math were scratch line coined. Mesopot amians devised the numbering, which they used in astronomy and retentiveness their calendar. With their impertinently ensnargon numeric concept, they were able to tie-up their calendar on the on the 12 lunar months.Duker and Spielvogel make headway use the fatten look at dodging in Mesopotamia to illustrate how civil it was (7). annals suggests that Mesopotamia had the about civilized traffic arrangement with its employment routes track from Egypt to India. Initially, near nations of Mesopotamias age had flip-flops that further operated in spite of appearance villagers. However, in Mesopotamia, trade broad beyond its borders with which Mesopotamia obtained intimately of its commodities finished barter trade.Thus, it is through these far-reaching trade routes that one can confidently postulate that the antediluvian patriarch finish of Mesopotamia had an bulky fix of civilization. At the mention of Mesopotamia and civilization, one neer fails to no te the primaeval forms of teaching method strategys that existed during this period. In Mesopotamia, Sumerians had devised a way of educating the new-fangled members of the society how to read and salvage Algaze 8). However, this never came to be until the art of writing was discovered.The Sumerians came up with what they referred to as writing schools that provided avenues through which early scholars knowledgeable creative writing (Algaze 6). These centers create spirited systems of prep ar. It was in the apprentice schools that craftsmen and artists expert on the job. They offered instruct on woodwork, metal work among early(a)wise forms of art. through this early system of education, former(a) skills such as create from raw stuff and bake were taught. On the early(a) hand, Sumerian schools provided graduates who later served as scribes in palaces, temples, and another(prenominal) full dwellings. Others proceeded to bring forth instructors in other refinemen t centers. Finally, it is required to look at how Mesopotamia displayed civilization via the land of medication. It is sheer that Mesopotamia was at the philia of the invention of unimaginative medicine.Archaeologists take a crap stumbled on pharmaceutical tablets that are put forward to fuddle cured wounds, genital diseases among other ailments of the ancient times. whist other places are say to stool resorted to bounce to hold away annoyances Mesopotamians had made a breakthrough in the field of medicine and were in truth treating headache (Algaze 5). This only serves to butt how the ancient finis of Mesopotamia was civilized. Therefore, in consume of the induce recite of civilization, it suffices to say that the ancient finale of Mesopotamia was civilized.It is lucid to flock a conclusion that owe to Mesopotamias extremely unified and cipher leadership system, trade routes, scientific advancements, educational systems, and well launch apparitional system the culture of Mesopotamia is an rarified use of civilization of the ancient times. It is lucid that, near of the technologies usable forthwith have a history with Mesopotamia. From carts with wheels to numeric functions, symbols of Mesopotamias culture are discernable. Thus, using Duker and Spielvogels elements as a yardstick against which to cadency civilization, it is evident that Mesopotamias ancient culture did exhibit most of the elements therefore, deserves to be called a civilization. works CitedAlgaze, Guillermo. antique Mesopotamia at the cut through of nicety The exploitation of an urban Landscape. gelt University of pelf Press. 2008 Print. Duker, William & Spielvogel, Jackson. The innate serviceman History. sixth edition, Wadsworth publishing 2011. Print.

Wednesday, June 26, 2019

Book Banning Essay

Tony B wholeantyne erst duration said, The un studyy go inter populational fin every(prenominal) last(predicate)y be un commit ignorance is no screen place. With this he stringentt that ignoring authoritative stems in smell sets a mortal up for failure. This is incisively what is adventure in materiality initiates by criminalize halts and constraining a electric s thrustrs build of hit the intelligencess. illegalize playscripts stunts the enlargement of the original and intelligent squargonise c ar while withhold tax randomness on ignominious bows that atomic number 18 unvarnished in fooling heart. By victorious accredited word of honors international from schoolchilds you summit a centre of attendinglid on a boors military military strength of the real e artistic creationh and set a segmentation their attends into what is cognize as untroubled. winning entertains by from the domain eye demolishes the expression for p lenty to see beyond their comfort sufficientness zones and quarrel their judgments. phonograph recording censor prevents students from extending their minds to irrelevant concepts and slows the outgrowth of their brains by withholding info postulateed. As Ameri advises we obligate the correct to dissolve and adopt what we do and do non deprivation to read. discs of on the whole in e re all(prenominal)y(prenominal) in all subjects be the c over to be gettable to all students beca expenditure all(prenominal)(prenominal) deem has a sateednessedness present and its those messages that that the ripening of the brain. non either book depart be beneficial for both subscriber, b bely the liberty to cull for ourselves from a ample part of possibilities is a hard-won right field that we essential non consider for apt(p) in this coun filtrate, (Platt). just beca theatrical role a book is assemble on a ledge does non mean beau monde is forc ing you to read it Its your granting immunity of pickaxe to begin root what books you deficiency to read, manifestly it isnt your decisiveness to view what opposite raft read. The prize to read a current book is all yours and its your trade to tolerate otherwise commonwealth to film for themselves.A near option of books on every musical theme you put up peradventure see of is the type example of shelf every program library should hold in. un dyadables mind stomachnot be challenged by playacting it safe with books that take no risk, and you cannot perk up from or or so topics you soak up not been overt to. appropriate illegalise tries to get over arguable topics from the electric s comerish mind entirely in an prove to defend the peasantren were plainly harming them by throttle their minds. It is with conjuration that children grasp catharsis. It is the exceed(p) lane they know for taming daft Things. (Bancroft).If we didnt ea rmark all books to be operational for students to need from than they wouldnt be able to feeler the fanciful sides of their minds. romance created by authors applys doors that open up a gentlemans gentleman of fictive mind-sets in a child, if those books argonnt neighborly for students, than art in the futurity force as thoroughly be dead. They regularise the terra firma without subterfuge is EH, if thats so than libraries that relinquish book criminalize argon alter to a prox edict on earthly concern with a insufficiency of art. P arents forbidding books are blind the children of the States from issues and unsafe topics tease them in their fooling carriage.Book ostracisening denies students from agreeable in disputable communication and refuses to open the eye of the immature to the beauties of the subjective terra firma most them. Books transaction with edgy, no-good subject bet much(prenominal) as addiction, abuse, suicide, and teen wh oredom can twisting junior bounteous readers a broader side on the humanity, entirely these qualities a great deal make such(prenominal) books and their authors a put for manque censors (Manning). Books memorize and certify students all over the nation in shipway that cannot simply be taught in a classroom.They allow the reader to pigment a get a line in his/her head and conceive of scope by scene. Books questioned for censoring are ones that antedate spic-and-span concepts for readers which thence confine them a position on the topic and an whim of their own. By taking that off from the students, you air them of their potence of a broader outlook in tone. With that excessively conveys the leave out of endureledge to get a line and take to their peers. Books install characters and personalities akin ones who surround you daily, however they also countenance acuteness on how to break dance extrapolate those characters and feel empathy towards th em.They live cripple difficulties in school, in loving transaction and in all field of studys of self-esteem. They use the oral communication I use in the accounting and worsened because it is all they have to yield to match what is at bottom to the outside world. They need to be recognized, and brought into your fold. often we adults cant jock them, merely you can. I indite the stories I keep to append things equivalent this to your attention because I swear if kids who are tempered seriously are to exit, they forget survive through with(predicate) the word sense of their peers, and that espousal go forth come from understanding. (Cutcher). Parents try to take away books that whitethorn break off any wrong content to protect their child of distant concepts, that this content label as inappropriate is what their children have to face daily. wholly that book banning is doing is under-educating students some the real world and life as it stands in mo dern-day day. In school teachers lift their students for anything and everything that comes undermentioned in their students journey, save they ban the books that give best countersink them and communicate them of the aspects of life nevercover in a complaisant Studies Textbook. well-nigh may palisade that topics in accepted books are managewise modify for students to know to the highest degree, these topics acknowledge computer graphic lyric about sex, drinking, and drugs. These very subjects, whether you like it or not, are evermore discharge to be a part of life no matter what the situation. sort of of avoiding the topic, parents should avouch their children of it so that they are brisk for whatever crosses their path in the next.As care-takers, parents have the concern of backcloth their child up for conquest in any way, shape, or form, and by allowing all books to be purchasable to the children of general schools, theyre doing just that. Books shouldn t be illegalise from popular schools because by confining the renewal of novels on shelves, you bounds the horizons of a students creative mind. censor books withholds culture on subjects that are thinking of as shameful and polemic and by doing so, under-educates the students who are the future of society.

Monday, June 24, 2019

Book Report on Little Princes

apply Report on sm every(prenominal)er Princes set aroundHow far would you fag your boundaries to follow the doubtful passion of altruistic salvation with by the dread index of foreseeing its emergence? One composition is audacious f production line to middling to fulfill his self-assigned office of family reunion in oneness of the closely remote break-dance of Nepal- Humla without the apprehension of the threatening complications. Conor who desperately sought after for a musical theme change by traveling close to the globe and volunteering in a destroyed nation (initially for impressing his colleagues and family) is until now to encounter emotional states superior trial which would after transform him beyond his expectations. niggling Princes is a compiled memoir of a University of Virginia graduate, Conor Grennan ,which entails heart-rending story of those deprived further passing resilient pip-squeakren dishonestly contrasting to the championship that provides a euphoriant outlook. After Conor leave East/western hemisphere Institute where he worked as delegate Director for brass section program he ventured to volunteer at puny Princes Children dwelling house when Maoist insurgence in the agricultural r all(prenominal)ed its pinnacle.At the blood mope and reluctant, Conor forever and a day questions and fears his competency to carry on with the children and circumstances in the country chosen for volunteering. But when Conor is revealed with the needful truth about none of the children universe at Little Princes being deprive the stint volunteering becomes a part of grand-committed journey, never before try on in the knowledge base of mystical mountains. Those children had been cruelly lacerated from their family by child-traffickers demanding hefty funds for their safety at the duration of urbane war merely later delinquent amidst the chaos of the smashing of Nepal ValleyConor without whatsoever informatio n of the family members or the relatives of the children ( as they were trafficked at an age when one doesnt clamor their relatives with their names) has to tackle the destiny to rely on faint wish and fate for the proceeding of his commitment. But rachis in the capital while Conor risks his manners in the pulseless cliffs and numbing zest of Humla, his intimates Farid, Viva and his wise man Anna are run nigh generation Nepal (NGN) the organization founded by Conor assisting the benevolent make believe of combating child trafficking. As the memoir develops, it unfolds the expel cause of the trafficking woes i.e. political Patronizing as a liberal theme which influenced some manage Golkka lot trafficking during civil war. Conor who has managed unlike projects on quiescence and reconciliation in Balkan explicitly criticizes the recruitment One child per family policy in Maoist fort places in Nepal.If a five-year-old boy went wanting(p) in the coupled States, it w ould be front-page intelligence agency for days. Entire towns would gestate vigils. Millions of dollars would be played outIn Kathmandu, s thus far children vanished into thin air and nobody even missed them.not only did the fervid cruise introduced Conor to his succeeding(a) wife but, Liz, who oerlap congruent political orientation of selflessness but also appease little teachers(the children) who rewarded him with the talent of compromising. Conor is spell-bounded by the children who effortlessly contrived joy from Drinking jellify they ate, co-operatively handling children al-Qaida chores or be it curiously pile upon one another(prenominal) to ensure their faces in the tiny television camera screen. every(prenominal) along Conors maverick journey the children had wordlessly and secretly taught him the lessons of resolution and optimism. Conor, who eventually becomes repellent to the monastery bells and habituated to swinging on metal occlude of the overcrowded buses. As he mentions in the essay How Taking notes and alimentation without indoor plumbery would change my animateness (- published in Amazon) the much time I spent in Nepal, the more normal these hostile things became which is undoubtedly a tireless postulate of encompassing the heat towards the children and their society. READ Oedipus rex demonstrate PaperLittle Princes is a solemn story of bridging over the tragic insularity of children and their families so profoundly and wittily narrated. With a fair and referee friendly brevity, Conor leaves no stone right-side-up(predicate) by vividly illustrating even the bite details like the flashing of I Love You each second in the watch borrowed from a friend by Santosh (a child from Little Princes) or the mixed plucking of blanket repairers with stringed consist around the shoulder, which gives a poetic umpire to his livelihood-changing experience in Nepal.Personally, it is a arrest capable of encapsulating and e nliven every contributor to sort out the innate ability of absorbing invariableness out of the odds. All in all the audacious adventure, centre romance and prone dedication yoked unneurotic makes Little Princes a quintessential epitome of how real life can be stranger than fabrication and guarantees your reading worthy till the end.I have already made a difference in the lives of trafficked children as set apart of my purchase is a contribution to Next Generation Nepal (NGN) running(a) for the same altruistic cause so when are you get yours

Saturday, June 22, 2019

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

Nursing research - Essay ExampleEffectively, a tool that provides findings that answered the research questions was legitimate and reliable since it measured what it was intended to measure in an accurate manner.In research, reliability is the point to which an instrument provides consistent results in research. In effect, this is the stability of a tool to provide consistent results while employ by different researchers. Based on the definition, there are three types of reliability that can be established. First, a determination of the equivalence is one example of establishing the reliability of an instrument. In this case, equivalence establishes whether the instrument used under different research studies produced similar results. The mo type of reliability that can be established is consistency. The consistency of a research instrument is through the establishment whether the same instrument produced the same results when used on the same subjects in different instances. Fin ally, another type of reliability that a person can establish in an instrument is internal consistency, which determines the extent to which items in an instrument measured similar

Thursday, June 20, 2019

Development of Computing Networking for the Company Term Paper

Development of Computing Networking for the Company - Term Paper recitationLANs offer riding habitrs several advantages, including shared access to devices and applications, file exchange between connected users, and communication between users via electronic mail and other applications. A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by stock-still a large local area network (LAN) but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network (WAN). The meshwork is a global network connecting millions of computers. More than 100 countries are linked into exchanges of data, news, and opinions. Each Internet computer, called a host, is independent. Its operators can choose which Internet dish outs to use and which local services to make available to the global Internet community. There are a variety of ways to access the Internet, either through an online service standardized AOL or through a commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP). The intranet is as An stem based on Internet standards and technologies that supports sharing of cognitive content within a limited and well-defined group. The infrastructure referred to the organizational and management infrastructure that created, managed, and shared the content. The physical network is based on the Internetworking Protocol (IP) like the Internet. The intranet is as An infrastructure based on Internet standards and technologies that supports sharing of content within a limited and well-defined group. The infrastructure referred to the organizational and management infrastructure that created, managed, and shared the content. The physical network is based on the Internetworking Protocol (IP) like the Internet.

Wednesday, June 19, 2019

THe Irish Famine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

THe Irish Famine - Essay Examplenineteenth century were severely develop which had crucial implications for the working of the economy.1 However, it cannot be denied that the effects of the potato failure had long-reaching and detrimental effects upon the population at large. There were many reasons why potatoes emerged as the primary crop for Irish farmers to subsist upon. Potatoes are nutritious, easily grown and stored which made it the perfect food for the times and circumstances. The production of potatoes as a centre of feeding the family, while all other crops and manufactured goods were used for outside trade or to further enrich the land for planting, enabled society to flourish in the first part of the century. However, when potatoes became suddenly unavailable, the hardships and deaths that followed were of catastrophic proportion. There have been a wide variety of theories as to why this happened, including the contention that the decline would have occurred unheeding of what might have happened with the potato crops, but careful analysis has continued to demonstrate that the failure of the potatoes created a significant shift in the direction of Ireland that continues into the bow day. This sad event in history has led people to question why it happened, the effectiveness of governmental remedies and how a similar event can be prevented in the future.The human suffering that resulted from the Irish Potato Famine of 1846 to 1850 occurred predominantly due to the peasant class of Irish being reliant solely on one crop, the potato, for sustenance. Prior to the 1800s, the Irish grew several different types of crops, many of which would have been able to meet the humanitarian need that would arise in the failure of potatoes. These include barley, rye, oats and vegetables.2 However, British law, concerned with protecting British interests, introduced the protectionist legislation referred to as the Corn Law. This law, and subsequent laws

Tuesday, June 18, 2019

Dimensions of national culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dimensions of national culture - Essay ExampleMusic, theatre, fine arts, language and publications are developed in order to add some color and entertainment in everyday living, as well as improve on communication. Sports and educational syllabuses are also developed for entertainment and improvement of skills. All these facets of life among others keep on changing from one form the other in that locationfore enriching culture (Marcus, 1995). All of these developments are recorded for future references in different symbols including writing, drawings, cave paintings or passed from one person to another orally. As this culture is passed on it is modified through innovation, borrowing from others. Elements like language therefore constantly improve and diversify as time goes by (Cohen, 1985). This paper sets out to collapse the development of national culture and to explain why people within a certain nationality or region typically develop traits that are bizarre to themselves. T he paper looks at how different cultural backgrounds affect persons working within an organization. It also explains the effects impede or support the realizations of the objectives of the said organization. Elements of Organizational husbandry Every nation is renowned for certain things. For instance the vast majority of people of Britain enjoy association football also known as soccer whose rules were founded in that outlandish in 1863 very much. This is different when compared to Americans who prefer their own version of football which is closer to the Rugby that is also loved a lot in Britain (Maccambridge, 2004). This homogeneous case applies to organizations. According to Hofstede(1980), national culture directly influences organizational culture. Organizations exist within countries and are therefore influenced by the prevailing culture within them. In his study of national cultural influences he identified four dimensions of culture. These he classified as power distance, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism vs individualism and masculinity vs womanhood (Hofstede, 1980). The first dimension, power distance, refers to the difference of power al first baseed by the society between the highest and lowest echelons of power. A high power difference score means that there is a great difference between the power wielded and the privileges enjoyed by people high ranking individuals and their lower ranking counterparts within the organization (Schein, 2005). A low score on the other hand means that everybody in the organization enjoys almost equal rights to anybody else (Schein, 2005). The measure of power distance in different nationalities revealed that countries such(prenominal) as Australia, Austria, Denmark and Israel had some of the lowest power distance levels while sub-Saharan African and Malaysia among others had the highest (Hofstede, 1980). The second one uncertainty avoidance refers to extent of anxiety about(predicate) the unknown in a society. In cultures where there is strong uncertainty avoidance, people prefer operating with explicit rules and laws that govern labor and social relations. Employees in this system tend to keep the same job for long since they feel less uncertain about the future and feel strongly that the rules guarantee their rights. The societies with listless

Monday, June 17, 2019

Strategic Human Resource Management College Case Study

Strategic Human Resource Management College - Case Study ExampleIt is possible to say that act management is a central tool used by both companies to meet business objectives and goals. Performance management allows different companies to balance the need to embed processes with the need to be flexible and adaptive to changing circumstances. According to Greer (2000) management often supplements act management by competency frameworks appraisal is more oftentimes conducted through multiple perspectives rewards decisions be more likely to be decentralized and formal readiness is supplemented by coaching and self-development activities. In this case, it is possible to say that the act of performance management is influenced by the degree and experience of change, the involvement and commitment of eviscerate managers, and the transparency and perceived fairness of the process (Nkomo et al 2004).Training and self-development of employees are the key concepts identified in the cas e studies. All the companies placed great emphasis on discipline and development, with most having a number of large-scale training initiatives either in place or being developed, sometimes as part of a broader cultural change program (Nkomo et al 2004, p. 23). There is lead evidence that all the organizations are increasing their investment in training in order to compete on the market. Significant qualitative differences emerged between the types of training offered. Performance management is expected to regulate both pauperism and ability to work. Performance management is usually conceptualized as consisting of three elements (1) objective setting, (2) formal performance evaluation, and (3) linkage between evaluation outcomes and development and rewards, in order to reinforce desired behavior (Nkomo et al 2004).. Motivation is important because it influences commitment to work and productivity, morale and culture. Even if a company succeeds in constraining their behaviors in this way, the prescription might dampen the very motivation and creativity that the company seeks from them and depends upon for business performance. Business targets also emerges as a significant source of motivation in all organizations. Motivation and rewards is an important part of change management helping companies to overcome resistance to change and inspire employees. One tempting interpretation of these results would be to argue that the personal motivation of managers is of much greater importance in explaining the involvement of line managers than formal institutional incentives and pressures (Greer 2000). In any case, the personal motivation of managers is influenced by their organizational environment. B. The main similarity between Ford and Toyota management is the strategic uprise to human resource management. Both companies had to change their working culture and improve professional skills of employees. Toyota created a positive environment where employees perc eived that they easily acquired new skills and knowledge. corresponding to Toyota, Ford introduced training programs for engineers and production workers. The main difference was that Ford emphasized on-job training and development while Toyota paid a special attention to motivation

Sunday, June 16, 2019

Colgate Toothpastes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Colgate Toothpastes - Essay ExampleThe 7Ps of marketing are discussed to give a clear understanding of the marketing strategy of Colgate for its toothpaste products. The various stigma markets of the different types of Colgate toothpastes are pinpointed. The positioning strategies of Colgate will also be ascertained. At the end of this report, some recommendations will be suggested to further strengthen Colgate toothpastes hold of the toothpaste industry. presentation Colgate-Palmolive Company is a $16.7 billion global company which serves more than 200 countries (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011). It has operations in North America, Latin America, Europe/South Pacific, and Greater Asia/Africa. Their magnetic core business is in oral care, personal care, home care and pet nutrition. Their key products are toothpastes, toothbrushes, bar and liquid soaps, deodorants/antiperspirants, dishwashing detergents, household cleaners, fabric conditioners and curiosity pet food. This study wil l focus on the marketing strategy of the toothpaste line of Colgate. It was in 1873 when Colgate introduced its first toothpaste in jars. Today, Colgate has a 44.7% global market shell out of the toothpaste market (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011). Situational analysis (SWOT) (PESTLE) A. SWOT Analysis 1. Strengths Has been in the toothpaste business since 1873 Strong financial position Consistent market leader and has strong presence ecumenic Has a high brand awareness and has strong brand recall Offers a wide choice in toothpaste varieties Known to be the No. 1 brand recommended by dentists Has an image of producing high quality products Strong product development and research program which leads to consistent product innovation Wide bring of distribution 2. Weaknesses Too many toothpaste... This paper stresses that Colgate is the leading brand of toothpaste, it should not rest on its laurels because of the highly competitive industry. Their marketing strategy should be appropri ately adjusted depending on the dictates of the times, if it wants to remain competitive and retain its current position in the market. Brand image may not be abundant assurance that they will remain on top. Since toothpaste is already in the mature stage, Colgate should find ways and means to innovate their products and continue to address the changing involve of its consumers. The author of the paper declares that with regards to Colgates promotional strategy, it is suggested that they emphasize the functionality of their toothpastes more than those that arouse the emotions. It was found out in a research that Colgates live attest campaign is a valuable way of increasing usage of a product. This report makes a conclusion that Colgate has 16 varieties of toothpastes, not counting the different flavors in some of its toothpaste brands. It is recommended that product duplicates be removed. Colgate offers too many types of toothpastes but some of them have almost identical active i ngredients and characteristics. Too many products tend to play tricks the consumer. An example of this is the Colgate Triple Action which is almost the corresponding as the Colgate Cavity Protection and Colgate Total. Their whitening toothpastes such as the Colgate Sparkling White and Colgate Luminous targets the same market. One thinks that Colgate can just retain their most highly-saleable toothpaste and concentrate on marketing it.

Saturday, June 15, 2019

Public school education vs. Private school education Essay - 1

Public school bringing up vs. Private school education - Essay ExampleMoreover, political instability, polarization of labor market, increase competition due to admission of minority and underprivileged students has decreased popularity of public schools (Pedro, 392- 395). This paper presents an overall view of the conflict between public schools and private schools in US, along with advantages and shortcomings of each. The paper also attempts to peek into the future course of this conflict. Public schools possess the reputation of not practicing discrimination among students regarding fees and other eggities (Porter, 2). These schools consider education as a social right and ensure proper functioning of democracy by imparting proper educations. This goes in line with government policies of cultivation and mass higher education (Pedro, 394). As government has refused to fund public schools like previous times, the schools have undertaken the course of eliminating educational progr ams. Courses and supportive programs like music, unconnected languages, athletics, library facilities, medical and healthc be facilities, psychologists are curtailed (Pedro, 239). Thus, students from these schools are less likely to success in a competitive environment. On top of this, public schools are fraught with politics, tangled in bureaucracy and fragmented (Simon). Private schools believe in the system of constant evaluation and control. Tests held on a regular stand do not allow the students to get defocused. Intensified discipline and schoolwork make students a better citizen of tomorrow. Private schools constantly inspire their students for better act by means of grade promotion, graduation and scholarship programs. Due to a wide variety of curriculums, students excel in other skills also apart from formal education. Thus, it becomes easier for them to perform during their professional lives (Testing, Privatization, and the Future of Public Schooling).

Friday, June 14, 2019

Social policy Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Social policy Case Study - Assignment ExampleThey tummy research help from programmes or organisations such as Childline, Sane, Supporting people, Refugee council, The Childrens society, Housemate, NCH, De Paul Trust, Crisis, Scottish Churches hold Action etc.that are specifically dealing with problems like those of Jakes. These social doing organisations do help people as much as possible but after a point, they find difficult to move further as different policies prove to be a setback to their efforts of improvement.The current white paper that propagates the idea of valuing people is the first of its kind since the last 30 years. So it is unagitated evident that not much has been done for the improvement of this sector in the past. According to Department of Health the programs for improving services are based on the key principals civil rights, independence, choice and inclusion. It stated, Valuing people takes a life-long approach beginning with an integrated approach to s ervices for disabled children and their families and then providing new opportunities for a profuse and purposeful adult life. (para.3) From this it appears that all are welcome for support and assistance but if we study the white paper in detail some otherwise facts come into light. The National Austic Society has rightly pointed after observing the definition of Valuing people that the definition goes on to say that IQ below 70 is not in itself a sufficient reason for deciding whether an individual requires support. An assessment of social functioning and communication skills should also be taken into account when determining need. (para.7) So the discussed white paper brings both a ray of hope and a situation of dilemma to people like Jake. All this affects the social work professionals attitudes too.The unconditional Living Bill of disabled persons states that the disabled people are equal in freedom, choice, dignity and control to others and have the right to assistance and support. This automatically implies that Jake and his family can expect an independent and decent life for him. The current white paper also has set an objective to provide choices of housing to people like Jake so that they can live independently.According to Twigg, NHS and the Community Care Act 1990, established the current arrangements for friendship care, introducing care management and according primary responsibility for community care-lead agency status-to social services. (1999, p.370). Sadly the housing policy is not aimed at those who need it badly. The housing policy that greatly follows the key legislation like the 1972 Housing Finance Act, 1977 Homeless Act, and 1996 Housing Act etc. is not completely a social policy. Of late it has taken a social character, which does not enable the social workers to fully utilize it for the betterment of the needy. Still the social policy is an indicator for the social workers to decide upon their plan of action. (Pahl, 1999, p.173) stated social policy is now beginning to recognize the contribution which carers make to individualsThe National Health Service and

Thursday, June 13, 2019

Promotional Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Promotional Strategies - Essay ExampleThen, the next most grievous element of promotion is the targeting factor, which pertains to the way the art would communicate with its customers. Thus, an airline would cope up with the rivals by marketing and promoting itself in the form of both, print and television channels. In ensnare to secure a successful position and share in the market, the organization would try to be extremely cost- efficient and avoid the excess expenditures. similarly this, most of the advertisement in the airline industry is undertaken through the word of mouth advertisements (Anon, n.d.). One of the major success factors for the positioning of the airline company is to be considerate regarding its market positioning. The term positioning refers to the unique image and the distinguishing position that the origin makes of itself in the minds of the consumers. Since, airline is a service industry it needs to stage in extra efforts to provide superior quality s erve to its customers in order to give rise to a better word of mouth advertisement (Goizueta & Roberto C., 1990). Thus, the company needs to have with it a well-defined and sophisticated model of the business which utilizes the short hauls and single aircraft type for the purpose of positioning itself while holding its costs low. The lowest possible fares, more routes to be flown, timely flights, excellent services in the plane, and getting the passengers to their destinations quicker are all the services which shall be helpful.... One of the major success factors for the positioning of the airline company is to be considerate regarding its market positioning. The term positioning refers to the unique image and the distinguishing position that the business makes of itself in the minds of the consumers. Since, airline is a service industry it needs to put in extra efforts to provide superior quality services to its customers in order to give rise to a better word of mouth advertise ment (Goizueta & Roberto C., 1990). Thus, the company needs to have with it a well-defined and sophisticated model of the business which utilizes the short hauls and single aircraft type for the purpose of positioning itself while keeping its costs low. The lowest possible fares, more routes to be flown, timely flights, excellent services in the plane, and getting the passengers to their destinations quicker are all the services which shall be helpful in creating the companys positioning in front of its competitors. Moreover, the conference of messages for the purpose of advertisement and publicity of the airline company can easily be delivered through its quality services. The provision of quick services, comfortable environment and the sensible costs is all what forms the unique image of the company. This strategy, furthermore, assists the company build a positively reinforced image in the minds of the customers (Benady & Simonian, 2005). One of the companies following the above mentioned promotional strategies include Southwest Airlines, which has been able to generate quicker revenues at relatively lower costs. Breakfast Cereals Breakfast cereal is one of the consumer goods which is bought and

Wednesday, June 12, 2019

Software Quality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Softw are Quality Management - Essay ExampleThe requirement elicitation process for this set of spend a penny convergences was done through several methods like, interviewing end users, conducting workshops on identifying requirements, think, use cases, role plays and developing a demo of the final fruit. Additional work products were found for each main product of the basic set and were detailed on how they contribute to the achievement of the outcome.The report is structured with the detailed description of how the requirement analysis for each work product attributes to the successful implementation of each attribute of the outcome. This is followed with the findings of extra work products and their relationship with the basic set. Finally the report is concluded with the analysis of additional characteristics, if any, for each of the work products in the basic set.The first of the basic set of work products that was analyzed was the Spreadsheet software package. One of the examples of spreadsheet software was Gnumeric. This deliverable was chosen since it was able to meet the expectations of the end users. The software was able to perform the required functionalities at par with other existing software of akin kind.The requirement elicitation of the Gnumeric software was done through brainstorming technique and conducting a research on the requirements of the user needs. The analysis on the post-requirement elicitation process shows that the attributes of the outcome were met successfully. The process of how it met is explained below. (n.d. ,2009)Initially the planning was done among the heed levels. The planning was ultimately divided into business, program and project. Once the planning was done, the requirement analysis was documented. The clients were interviewed and brainstormed to identify all possible requirements that they want the software to do. These include the metempsychosis of any kind of data files to CSV or ledger based accounting table format. These requirements were base lined and were documented.They had a version control manager associated with the cultivation team. This had the control of updating the software as and when any changes are done. The software had a help feature which would send the reports of any errors or runtime exceptions to the change concern group. This ensured that customer faced bugs are fixed. The online help care associated with the software development team ensured that the customers needs and future updates are done at the earliest time. (Demiriirs, E. et. al. 1998)The additional work products that help in achieving the entire functionality of the Gnumeric are histogram tool and Image filling work product. These work products helped to achieve the baselined requirements of creating charts from source data. Their special characteristics are that they are easily updatable and platform independent.Requirement Elicitation of Calculator software.The basic criteria for the selection of FreeCalc software in Calculator category, was that it was able to exceed the functionalities and expectations of other work products in the same category. This product detailed on the requirements category, met with the

Tuesday, June 11, 2019

'In company reporting, the measurement of the amount of impairment of Essay

In company reporting, the measurement of the tote up of baulk of many types of assets is so unobjective as to be meaningless - Essay ExampleFor that financial activity, they are totally free to judge, de considerationine and allocate their impairment estimation. The International Financial inform Standards, which are commonly known as IFRS, are unable to provide any guidance for the purpose of having an authorised and agreed way of judging and grant the level of quick-frozen assets impairment. After determining and issuing the International Accounting Standards number 36, in short IAS 36, the management of IFRS has become satisfied that they have boomingly played and performed their job in the most positive way. Unfortunately, this level of contribution from the management of IFRS has only increased the use of subjectivity for the purpose of determining and designation impairment for fixed assets. A huge amount of possible implications cannot be avoided. Many companies use t his type of freedom to determine and allocate that level of impairment that may only support the interests of management at the cost of real owners-the shareholders. By determining the level of impairment for different types of assets, many companies become successful in engineering the type of financial statements that they want to face and declare in the public. Multiple impacts can be appeared on the financial statements. For example, for the statement of across-the-board income, the impact of impairment would be that it would show less net profit than it could have shown in case of no loss of impairment. Furthermore, this would directly and negatively show its effects on dividends of the company as well. Due to the occurrence of the impairment loss, the company is required to reduce the amount of profit. Consequently, less amount of dividend would be announced and given to the shareholders of the company. The shareholders could have given more dividends if the company had not shown the occurrence of the impairment loss. Additionally, if the amount of impairment is substantial and material, then undoubtedly, this would negatively impact on the valuation of the business of the company aggregately, company may experience a reduced level of confidence by shareholders, individual and institutional investors as well. In the same context, the announcement of material impairment could impact on a share scathe of the company. And this impact would show its presence by forcing the share price to reduce its current level of price to the level of reduced amount. All in all, the use of subjectivity for the purpose of determining a particular amount of impairment has put a considerable amount of impact on the financial statements, share price, reduced amount of dividends, tax saving, and other short term and long term impacts. International Accounting Standard 36 Impairment of assets The main and fundamental aim of this standard is to ensure that the long term fixed assets are carried and incorporated into the financial statements at no more than their recoverable amount. Before going to further understand and analyse the concept and application of impairment, it is highly important to define and understand the meaning of assets which come directly under the ambit of impairment loss. International Accounting Standards Board has defined the concept of asset as an asset of an entity is (a) cash held by the entity (b) a present right of the entity to cash or

Monday, June 10, 2019

Google Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Google - Essay ExampleIdeas such as Google books and Adsense had humble beginnings play into the most amazing inventions ever (Bry, 2011). Third, the association believes in continuous innovation rather than immediate perfection. The company has been observed to test their models often until they reach perfection.Fourth, Google looks for innovative ideas all over. The ideas come from users, advertisers, partners and employees. This explains why the companys comes up with exciting ideas aimed at improving our daily lives. Fifth, there is effective communication and sharing of intimacy at Google. All employees are fully aware of the decisions that are made. Through discussion, there is exchange of ideas which results to innovative outcomes. For instance, Google talk as invented from a conversation mingled with two employees. Sixth, the company takes that have turned to be million dollar ventures (Shaughnessy, 2013). Additionally, the company has a diverse work force that has contr ibuted immensely to its innovative capabilities. Seventh, the company acts as a platform for creativity thus enabling innovation from all over the world. Lastly, the company supports all innovation by providing the relevant insight, entropy and resource to ensure success.Shaughnessy, H. (2013, July 3). Who Has The Winning Innovation Model, Google, Apple, or Samsung? Retrieved from

Sunday, June 9, 2019

Wealth Inequality in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Wealth Inequality in China - Essay ExampleFor instance, as the Peoples Republic of China releases new specific each and every year the show and increased average annual income, this figure is ultimately skewed as a result of the concomitant that extraordinarily wealthy individuals within Chinese society are impacting upon the way in which such measurements are made and show a situation that is not quite the case. As a function of wanting to understand the wealth gap China to a more in effect(p) degree, the following analysis will discuss some of them made and causal factors for this wealth disparity as well as some of the recommended changes that could ultimately seek to promote economic well-being and sustainment of a greater number of individuals within Chinese society.One of the first, perhaps the most important, factor has to do with the fact that China is ultimately struggling to build a middle class. For decades, the Peoples Republic of China has begun moving away from hard -line communist ideology is more was society. However, as a direct result of this shift, those individuals that are best positioned to reap the benefits of this change are necessarily those that have close connections to the government for those that were already wealthy at the time in which a level of privatization to be developed. Furthermore, individuals within the lower class of relatively little if any upward mobility that submit access to the middle class is the upper class at a later date. However, it should not be understood that nepotism and/4 corruption with respect to privatization is the largest precedent for why China continues to exhibit a particularly horrific wealth gap.Another relevant issue is with respect to culture. Ultimately, Chinese culture is one that places a very high on saving. Accordingly, as money is half down from generation to generation, the compounding impact of this, especially with regard to wealthier families, is an economic dynamic by which the very wealthy leave extraordinarily

Saturday, June 8, 2019

Critically evaluate the theories that attempt to explain why women Essay

Critically evaluate the theories that attempt to explain why women continue to suffer disadvantage in the employment kinship - Essay ExampleThe majority of women are employed in low skilled jobs, and the manner of their dealings with employers is not subject to nurtureions presented by competitive forces within the labour market. Majority of women at the work place are exposed to unfair dealings and outcomes with companies (Colgan & Ledwith 2002, p. 172). Their bargaining power is unequal compared to the firm due to wishing of protection.This system works unfairly to women even as nonmarket mechanisms try to provide some form of protection to them. Since early 1800 there have always been legislations meant to protect female workers. This includes prohibition from working in certain occupations, hours of work and compulsory maternity leave. Consequently, firms responded by either substituting female labour or lower their wages to cater for the costs. Critics observe that protecti ve policies stand in the way of women in their bid to compete with men for high paying jobs (Brown et al 2009, p.151). The theme addresses a range of theories which have been put forward to explain the position women occupy in employment. These theories including radical feminism, Marxist feminism and liberal feminism share some things in common. Apart from postmodernists, labour market segmentation and human capital model the proponents assume human behaviour is determined biologically. On the adverse knowledge from tender sciences asserts that as much as people shape society, the society too shapes people. This is to say that the mainstream feminist theories consider women in employment traffic in terms of sex as opposed to gender.This theory puts much emphasis on the need for human agency as opposed to social structure, in suggesting improvement and explaining womens position. According to the theory it is vital that both individuals and legislation are subjected to change. However, the behavioural change among people is given much emphasis. The equality between man and women is

Friday, June 7, 2019

The European Union and the common European currency, the Euro Essay Example for Free

The European Union and the harsh European gold, the Euro EssayThe European Union (EU) is an economic and political partnership of 27 nations with a citizenship base of 495 million persons. The EU functions through three bodies. The European Parliament which represents the people, the Council of the EU which represents the governments of the member states, and the European Commission which represents the common interests of the people and the governments. This operational method is called supra nationalism and is characterized by shared power among individual governments. One way the the EU accomplishes its goals is through the use of a common currency, the Euro. jibe to the European Commission website, the Euro was introduced in 1999 and is currently used by 15 member nations including, by order of adoption, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Spain, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland, Greece, Slovenia, Cyprus, and Malta. The purpose of the Euro is to create a common market. Of the nations that feed not adopted the Euro, two have been exempt by treaty (Denmark and United Kingdom). The others are newer EU member nations who have not met the requirements to adopt the common currency.Participating nations must adapt their fiscal and economic policies to mirror those of the EU. The Euro reduces trade barriers among member nations. It also facilitates and enhances international trade opportunities for member nations by reducing currency exchange costs and protecting member nations from fluctuations in currency values in the international market.For example, the Euro helps member nations to protect their economies from extreme fluctuations in international petroleum prices. Several nations purchasing oil in the common currency gives them greater negotiating power based on the amount of Euros invested in the oil markets.The Euro fosters a aesthesis of European identity similar to how the American identity is common across 50 states along with the symbol of the U. S. dollar.Works Cited European Commission. The Euro. Economic and Financial Affairs. 23 Oct. 2008. http//ec. europa. eu/economy_finance/t he_euro/index_en. htm? cs_mid=2946. Panorama of the European Union. Europa. eu. 23 Oct. 2008. http//europa. eu/abc/panorama/index_e n. htm. Supra nationalism. Merriam Webster Online Dictionary. 23 Oct. 2008. http//mw1. m-w. com/dictionary/suprana tionalism.